SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT

Antirobe Capsules 75 mg

2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION

Clindamycin (as Clindamycin Hydrochloride) 75 mg per capsule.

For the full list of all other excipients see section 6.1.

3. PHARMACEUTICAL FORM

Capsules, hard.

4. CLINICAL PARTICULARS

4.1 Target species

Dogs.

4.2 Indications for use, specifying the target species

Antirobe Capsules 75 mg are indicated for use in dogs as follows:

For the treatment of infected wounds and abscesses, and infected mouth cavity and dental infections, caused by or associated with Staphylococcus spp.,Streptococcus spp.(except Streptococcus faecalis), Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium necrophorum, and Clostridium perfringens. To help provide antimicrobial cover during dental procedures.

For the treatment of superficial pyoderma associated with Staphylococcus intermedius.

For the treatment of osteomyelitis, caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

Before Antirobe therapy is initiated, the involved pathogens should be identified and sensitivity to clindamycin established.

4.3 Contraindications

Contra-indicated in animals which are hypersensitive to preparations containing clindamycin or lincomycin.

Do not administer to rabbits, hamsters, guinea pigs, chinchillas, horses or ruminants because ingestion of clindamycin by these species may result in severe gastro-intestinal disturbance.

None.

4.5 Special precautions for use

Clindamycin and erythromycin show parallel resistance. Partial cross-resistance has been demonstrated between clindamycin, erythromycin and other macrolides antibiotics.

During prolonged therapy of one month or greater, periodic liver and kidney function tests and blood counts should be performed.

Animals with severe renal and/or very severe hepatic disturbances accompanied by severe metabolic aberrations should be dosed with caution and should be monitored by serum examination during high-dose clindamycin therapy.

Wash hands after handling capsules.

4.6 Adverse reactions (frequency and seriousness)

Vomiting and diarrhoea have occasionally been observed.

Antirobe sometimes causes the overgrowth of non-sensitive organisms such as resistant clostridia and yeasts. In cases of superinfection, appropriate measures must be taken according to the clinical situation.

While high dose studies in rats suggest that clindamycin is not a teratogen and does not significantly affect the breeding performance of males and females, safety in gestating bitches/queens or breeding male dogs has not been established.

4.8 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction

Clindamycin hydrochloride has been shown to have neuromuscular blocking properties that may enhance the action of other neuromuscular blocking agents. Antirobe Capsules should be used with caution in animals receiving such agents.

Clindamycin should not be used concomitantly with chloramphenicol or macrolides as they antagonise each other at their site of action at the 50S ribosomal sub-unit.

4.9 Amounts to be administered and administration route

For oral administration only.

• 5.5 mg/kg of bodyweight every 12 hours for 7-10 days, or

• 11 mg/kg of bodyweight every 24 hours for 7-10 days

If no clinical response is seen within 4 days, redetermine the diagnosis. To help provide antimicrobial cover during dental procedures, a 10 day course is recommended. This should be initiated five days before dental therapy and continued for five days thereafter. In dogs, treatment may be extended to a maximum of 28 days based on clinical judgement.

2. For the treatment of superficial pyoderma in dogs, administer either:

• 5.5 mg/kg of bodyweight every 12 hours, or

• 11 mg/kg of bodyweight every 24 hours

Therapy of canine superficial pyoderma is usually recommended for 21 days, with extension of therapy based on clinical judgement.

3. For the treatment of osteomyelitis in dogs, administer:

If no clinical response is seen within 14 days, the treatment should be stopped and the diagnosis redetermined.

4.10 Overdose (symptoms, emergency procedures, antidotes), if necessary

The maximum dosage which is well tolerated orally by dogs is 300 mg/kg bodyweight. This is 27 times the indicated dosage for the treatment of superficial pyoderma, infected wounds, abscesses, mouth cavity and dental infections.

Not applicable.

5. PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Antirobe Capsules contain Clindamycin hydrochloride. Clindamycin is a semi-synthetic antibiotic produced by 7(S)-chloro substitution of the 7(R)-hydroxy group of the natural antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis.

Mode of Action:

Clindamycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis at the ribosomal (50s sub-unit) level

In vitroactivity:

Clindamycin has in vitro activity against the following micro-organisms:

• Aerobic Gram-positive cocci, including: Staphylococcus intermedius and Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase and non-penicillinase producing strains), Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus spp. (except Streptococcus faecalis), Pneumococcus spp.

• Anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli, including: Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium spp.

• Anaerobic Gram-positive non-spore-forming bacilli, including: Propionibacterium spp., Eubacterium spp., Actinomyces spp.

• Anaerobic and microaerophilic Gram-positive cocci, including: Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., microaerophilic streptococci.

• Clostridia: Most Cl.perfringens are susceptible; other species such as Cl. sporogenes and Cl. tertium frequently are resistant to clindamycin.

• Mycoplasma species: Most mycoplasma species are susceptible to clindamycin.

Pharmacology

Absorption:

Clindamycin hydrochloride is rapidly absorbed from the canine and feline gastrointestinal tract following oral administration. Effective clindamycin antibacterial serum levels are reached within 30 minutes following administration of the therapeutic dose.

Serum values:

Therapeutic serum levels of clindamycin can be maintained by oral administration of 5.5 mg/kg bodyweight every 12 hours or 11 mg/kg bodyweight every 24 hours; peak serum concentrations are on average reached 75 minutes after oral administration. The biological plasma half-life of clindamycin in the dog and cat is approximately 5 hours. No accumulation of bioactivity has been observed in dogs or cats after several oral administrations.

Metabolism and Excretion:

Extensive research of the metabolism and excretion pattern of clindamycin shows that the parent molecule as well as bioactive and bio-inactive metabolites are excreted via the urine and faeces.

Nearly all bioactivity in the serum following oral administration is due to the parent molecule (clindamycin).

6. PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS

6.1 List of excipients

Maize Starch

Talc

Magnesium Stearate

Lactose Monohydrate

6.2 Incompatibilities

No major incompatibilities are known.

6.3 Shelf life

3 years.

6.4 Special precautions for storage

Do not store above 25°C.

6.5 Nature and composition of immediate packaging

Packs of 80 capsules in polyvinyl chloride/aluminium foil blister packs, or packs of 80 or 150 capsules in high density polyethylene tubs (with low density polyethylene lids). Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

6.6 Special precautions for the disposal of unused veterinary medicinal product or waste materials derived from the use of such products, if appropriate

Any unused veterinary medicinal product or waste materials derived from such veterinary medicinal products should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.

7. MARKETING AUTHORISATION HOLDER

Zoetis UK Limited

5th Floor, 6 St. Andrew Street

London

EC4A 3AE

8. MARKETING AUTHORISATION NUMBER

Vm 42058/4005

9. DATE OF FIRST AUTHORISATION

Date:09 June 1989

10. DATE OF REVISION OF THE TEXT

Date:September 2013

Approved:18/09/2013