Medine.co.uk

Galastop 50 Ug/Ml Oral Solution

Revised: Januay 2014

AN: 00610/2013


SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS


1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT


Galastop 50 µg/mlOral solution


2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION


1 ml of product contains:


1.1Active ingredient

Cabergoline 50 µg


For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.


3. PHARMACEUTICAL FORM


Oral Solution.


A pale yellow, viscous non aqueous solution for oral administration containing 50 µg/ml cabergoline in a miglyol base.


4. CLINICAL PARTICULARS


4.1 Target species


Dogs.


4.2 Indications for use, specifying the target species


Galastop is indicated for the following uses:


Treatment of false pregnancy in bitches: Inhibition of prolactin secretion by cabergoline results in a rapid resolution of the signs of false pregnancy, including lactation and behavioural changes.


Suppression of lactation in bitches: Suppression of lactation in the bitch may be required under certain clinical circumstances (for example following removal of puppies soon after birth, or following early weaning). Inhibition of prolactin secretion by cabergoline results in a rapid cessation of lactation and a reduction in the size of the mammary glands.


4.3 Contraindications



4.4 Special warnings for each target species


Additional supportive treatments should involve restriction of water and carbohydrate intake and increase exercise.


4.5 Special precautions for use


Special precautions for use in animals


Cabergoline has the capacity to cause abortion in bitches in the later stages of pregnancy, and under no circumstances should Galastop be used in pregnant bitches (see 4.3 above).


Cabergoline may induce transient hypotension in treated animals and use of Galastop in animals concurrently being treated with hypotensive drugs, or in animals directly after surgery whilst the animal is still under the influence of anaesthetic agents, might result in more significant hypotension and such usage is contra-indicated.


Special precautions to be taken by the person administering the veterinary medicinal product to animals


Wash hand after use. Avoid contact with skin and eyes wash of any splashes immediately.


Care should be taken to avoid contact between the solution and women of childbearing age.

Women of childbearing age should wear gloves when administering the product.


4.6 Adverse reactions (frequency and seriousness)


Use in pregnant animalsExperimental data have shown that cabergoline has the capacity to cause abortion in bitches in the later stages of pregnancy: this effect was seen in all bitches tested. Therefore a contra-indication against use of Galastop in pregnancy is essential (see 4.7 below).


Induction of hypotensionExperimental data have shown that cabergoline has a hypotensive effect. This side-effect would not be expected to have adverse effects in clinical use because:


Nevertheless if an animal had low blood pressure for other reasons (e.g. concurrent use of hypotensive drugs, influence of anaesthetic agents), cabergoline might have adverse effects, and a warning to prevent usage of Galastop under such conditions is included (see 4.7 below).


Emetic effectsThe tolerance data show that cabergoline has emetic activity in the dog. This effect appears to be dose related, and is marked at doses of 10 µg/kg and above (the ED50 – the dose causing emesis in 50% of treated dogs – being calculated at 19 µg/kg).


In the clinical studies vomiting and anorexia was observed is a proportion of bitches treated as recommended for Galastop: in those studies where frequency was recorded, a total of 361 bitches were treated as recommended; of these 28 bitches (8%) vomited and 58 bitches (16%) showed anorexia.


In most cases these adverse effects were transient and of little significance, occurring after the first one or two treatments only. In only 3 bitches in the clinical trials (less that 1%) was treatment stopped because of vomiting.


In a small proportion of cases (qualitative frequency not available), a degree of drowsiness was observed in the first 2 days of treatment.


4.7 Use during pregnancy, lactation or lay


Cabergoline has the capacity to cause abortion in bitches in the later stages of pregnancy and under no circumstances should Galastop be used in pregnant bitches.

Galastop is indicated for the suppression of lactation in bitches: inhibition of prolactin secretion by cabergoline results in a rapid cessation of lactation and a reduction in the size of the mammary glands. Galastop should not be used in lactating bitches unless suppression of lactation is required.


4.8 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction


Interactions between cabergoline and other veterinary medicinal products have not been observed.


Since cabergoline exerts its therapeutic effect by direct stimulation of dopamine receptors, Galastop should not be administered concurrently with drugs which have dopamine antagonist activity (such as phenothiazines, butyrophenones), as these might reduce its prolactin inhibiting effects.


4.9 Amounts to be administered and administration route


Galastop should be administered orally either directly into the mouth or by mixing with food.


The dosage is 0.1 ml/kg bodyweight (equivalent to 5 µg/kg bodyweight of cabergoline) once daily for 4-6 consecutive days, depending on the severity of the clinical condition.


For dogs less than 5 kg bodyweight it is advisable to measure the dosage in drops, 3 drops being equivalent to 0.1 ml.

The solution can be given either with the dropper or the syringe.

If the signs fail to resolve after a single course of treatment, or if they recur after the end of treatment, then the course of treatment may be repeated.


For treatment of false pregnancy clinical studies have demonstrated efficacy between 80-100%. Behavioural signs are alleviated first, followed by reduction in mammary gland enlargement, then finally suppression of lactation.


4.10 Overdose (symptoms, emergency procedures, antidotes), if necessary


The experimental data indicate that a single overdose with Galastop might result in an increased likelihood of post-treatment vomiting, and possibly an increase in post-treatment hypotension.


General supportive measures should be undertaken to remove any unabsorbed drug and maintain blood pressure, if necessary. It is unlikely that the administration of dopamine antagonist drugs would be necessary, but this course of action could be considered.


4.11 Withdrawal period


Not applicable: Galastop is not indicated for use in food producing species.


5. PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES


ATCvet code:QG02CB03


5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties


Cabergoline is a prolactin inhibitor belonging to the ergoline derivative group which acts by dopamine agonist activity.


The pharmacodynamics of cabergoline have been investigated in various in-vitroand in-vivosystem. The most significant findings can be summarised as follows:


Cabergoline is a potent inhibitor of prolactin secretion by the pituitary, and as a consequence inhibits prolactin secretion dependent processes such as lactation. Peak prolactin inhibition is reached at 4-8 hours and persists for several days, depending on the dose. The antiprolactin effect of cabergoline is longer lasting than that of metergoline, bromocriptine and pergolide.


The mechanism of action of cabergoline is via direct interaction with the dopamine receptor on pituitary lactotroph cells; this interaction is a persistent effect.


Apart from its effect on prolactin dependent processes, cabergoline does not have any other significant endocrine effects.


In the Central Nervous System, cabergoline has dopamine agonist activity, acting via the D-2 dopaminergic receptors.


Cabergoline has some affinity for noradrenergic receptors, but does not affect noradrenaline or serotonin metabolism.


As for other ergoline derivatives, cabergoline has emetic effects (equivalent in potency to those of pergolide and bromocriptine).


Given parenterally, or at high doses orally, cabergoline causes a reduction in blood pressure.


5.2 Pharmacokinetic particulars


Pharmacokinetic studies were performed in both rats and dogs. The studies in rats were undertaken with radiolabeled cabergoline, by oral or intravenous administration, at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg bodyweight. The studies in dogs were performed with a daily dose of 80 µg/kg bodyweight (the dogs were treated for 30 days; pharmacokinetic assessments made on day 1 and 28). The source of the information given below is specified (rat data or dog data).


Absorption:


Distribution:

In terms of tissue to plasma concentration ratio (AUC), the tissue uptake was very high for liver, pituitary, adrenals, spleen, kidneys, lung (260-100), followed by ovaries, uterus, heart (50-30). In the brain the levels were of the same order of magnitude as in plasma (rat data).


Biotransformation:


Elimination:


6. PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS


6.1 List of excipients


Fractionated coconut oil (Miglyol 812).


6.2 Incompatibilities


None known.


6.3 Shelf life


Shelf life of the veterinary medicinal product as packaged for sale: 3 years

Shelf life after first opening the immediate packaging: 28 days


6.4. Special precautions for storage


Do not store above 25°C.

Protect from light.

Do not refrigerate.

Following withdrawal of the first dose, use the product within 28 days.

Store in tightly closed original container.


6.5 Nature and composition of immediate packaging


Immediate packaging:

Amber Type III glass bottle with screw cap, containing 3 ml, 7 ml or 15 ml 0.005% cabergoline oily solution; supplied with a clear Type I glass pipette (graduated dropper) with protective cover.

Amber Type III glass vial with polyethylene cap and polyethylene syringe insert (3, 7 or 15 ml).

Polypropylene syringe.

Secondary packaging:

Cardboard box containing a single bottle of 3 ml, 7 ml and 15 ml.

Cardboard box containing a single bottle of 3 ml, 7 ml and 15 ml with a syringe.


Not all pack sizes may be marketed.


6.6 Special precautions for the disposal of unused veterinary medicinal product or waste materials derived from the use of such products


Any unused veterinary medicinal product or waste materials derived from such veterinary medicinal products should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.


7. MARKETING AUTHORISATION HOLDER


Ceva Salute Animale S.p.A

Viale Colleoni 15

20864 Agrate Brianza (MB)

Italy


8. MARKETING AUTHORISATION NUMBER


Vm:28350/4001


9. DATE OF FIRST AUTHORISATION


Date:22 April 1996.


10 DATE OF REVISION OF THE TEXT


Date:January 2014


19 February 2014


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