Accusol 35 Solution For Haemofiltration Haemodialysis And Haemodiafiltration
SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1 NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT
Accusol 35
Solution for haemofiltration, haemodialysis and haemodiafiltration.
2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION
|
Composition |
Per 1000 ml Accusol 35 |
|
Large chamber ‘A’ | |
|
Calcium chloride dihydrate |
0.343 g |
|
Magnesium chloride hexahydrate |
0.136 g |
|
Sodium chloride |
7.52 g |
|
Small chamber ‘B’ | |
|
Sodium bicarbonate |
13.4 g |
|
Final solution after mixing |
Per 1000 ml Accusol 35 |
|
Calcium chloride dihydrate |
0.257 g |
|
Magnesium chloride hexahydrate |
0.102 g |
|
Sodium chloride |
6.12 g |
|
Sodium bicarbonate |
2.94 g |
Equivalent to the following ionic composition:
|
Ionic Composition of Final Solution |
Per 1000 ml Accusol 35 |
|
Calcium (Ca++) |
1.75 mmol |
|
Magnesium (Mg++) |
0.5 mmol |
|
Sodium (Na+) |
140 mmol |
|
Chloride (Cl-) |
109.3 mmol |
|
Bicarbonate (HCO3-) |
35 mmol |
|
Theoretical Osmolarity |
287 mOsm/l |
The 5000 ml of final solution results from mixing 3750 ml of solution ‘A’ with 1250 ml of solution ‘B’.
The pH of the final solution is between 7.0 - 7.5 For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.
The number “35” in the name specifies the buffer concentration of the solution (bicarbonate = 35mmol/l.)
PHARMACEUTICAL FORM
3.
Solution for haemofiltration, haemodialysis and haemodiafiltration.
Accusol 35 is a sterile, non-pyrogenic, clear and colourless solution.
4. CLINICAL PARTICULARS
4.1 Therapeutic indications
Accusol 35 is indicated for the treatment of acute and chronic renal failure, as substitution solution in haemofiltration and haemodiafiltration, and as dialysis solution in haemodialysis and haemodiafiltration.
Accusol 35 is primarily intended for use in patients with hyperkalaemia.
4.2 Posology and method of administration
For haemofiltration, haemodialysis and haemodiafiltration.
Accusol 35 as substitution solution
The amount of substitution solution to be administered in adults is determined by the ultrafiltration rate and is set for each individual case to ensure an adequate electrolyte fluid balance.
Adults:
- Chronic renal failure: 7 to 35 ml/kg/hr,
- Acute renal failure: 20 to 35 ml/kg/hr,
Elderly: as for adults
These fluid volume recommendations may be adjusted by the prescribing physician according to the patient’s clinical status.
Accusol 35 can be administered into the extracorporeal blood circuit either in pre-and/or post- dilution mode according to the physician’s prescription.
Accusol 35 as dialysis solution
The prescription and amount of dialysis solution depend upon the mode of therapy, frequency and duration of treatment and will be selected by the prescribing physician according to the patient’s clinical status.
Administration:
Haemodialysis: via the dialysis compartment of the dialyser.
Haemofiltration: via the arterial or venous blood line.
After removal of the overpouch, immediately open the long-seal (interchamber seal) to mix the two solutions and then open the short SafetyMoon seal (seal near access port) to allow administration of the mixed solution. For instructions for use and handling, please refer to section 6.6.
4.3 Contraindications
Solution dependent contraindications
- Hypokalaemia, if no simultaneous adapted potassium supplementation.
- Metabolic alkalosis.
Haemofiltration / haemodialysis/ haemodiafiltration dependent contraindication due to the technical procedure itself:
- Renal failure with increased hypercatabolism in cases where uraemic symptoms can no longer be relieved by haemofiltration.
- Inadequate blood flow from vascular access.
- If there is a high risk of haemorrhage on account of systemic anticoagulation
4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use
- Accusol 35 solution must only be used by or under the direction of a physician experienced in haemofiltration, haemodialysis or haemodiafiltration techniques,
- White particulate formation of calcium carbonate has been observed in the pre-dilution and post-dilution CRRT lines in association with the use of Accusol 35. Therefore every 30 minutes during CRRT with Accusol 35, pre- and post-dilution lines should be closely inspected to verify that the solution in the tubing is clear and without particles. In some cases precipitation may not appear until several hours after the start of therapy. If precipitate is observed, the Accusol 35 solution and CRRT tubing lines must be replaced immediately and the patient carefully monitored.
- Fluid balance must be carefully monitored,
- Acid-base balance must be carefully monitored,
- Similarly, electrolyte balance (chloraemia, phosphataemia, calcaemia, magnesaemia and natraemia) should be monitored regularly to detect any potential imbalance,
- Kalaemia must be monitored regularly before and during treatment. If hypokalaemia is present or starts to develop, supplementation of potassium and/or changing to a substitution solution with higher potassium concentration may be required. If hyperkalaemia starts to develop, an increase in the filtration rate and/or changing to a substitution solution with a lower potassium concentration may be indicated as well as usual measures of intensive care medicine,
- Blood glucose levels must be monitored closely, especially in diabetic patients,
- In case the long-seal (interchamber seal) is not opened (i.e. only short SafetyMoon seal near access port opens) and the solution of the small chamber “B” is given, alkalosis may arise. Most common clinical signs / symptoms of alkalosis are nausea, lethargy, headache, arrhythmia, respiratory depression.
4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
When prescribing Accusol 35, consideration should be given to the potential interactions between this treatment and other concomitant therapies related to other pre-existing conditions.
- Blood concentration of other medicinal products may be altered during haemodialysis, haemofiltration and haemodiafiltration.
- Plasma levels of potassium in patients using cardiac glycosides must be carefully monitored due to an increased risk of hypokalaemia associated arrhythmias.
- Vitamin D and medicinal products containing calcium can increase the risk of hypercalcaemia (eg calcium carbonate acting as a chelator of potassium). The additional substitution of sodium bicarbonate can increase the risk of metabolic alkalosis.
4.6 Pregnancy and lactation
There are no preclinical or clinical data on the use of Accusol 35 during pregnancy and lactation. Accusol 35 should only be administered to pregnant and lactating women if clearly needed.
4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
Not relevant.
4.8 Undesirable effects
The undesirable effects reported are based on adverse event reports from clinical trials (see (1) below), which were assessed by the investigator to be related to Accusol, as well as from a literature review (see (2) below).
The frequency has been evaluated by using the following criteria: very common (> 1/10), common (> 1/100, <1/10), uncommon (> 1/1,000, <1/100), rare (> 1/10,000, < 1/1,000) and very rare (< 1/10,000).
1) Clinical Trials
|
System Organ Class |
Adverse Drug Reaction |
Frequency |
Procedure related |
Solution related |
|
Metabolic and Nutritional |
Hypoglycaemia NOS |
Rare |
Yes |
Yes |
2) Literature review
The undesirable effects below listed reflect the type of undesirable effects that may be reported with haemofiltration or haemodialysis solutions.
- Potential adverse reactions related to the treatment may include nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, hypotension, bleeding, clotting, infection and air embolism.
- Potential adverse reactions related to the product may include metabolic alkalosis, electrolyte disturbances and/or fluid imbalances: hypophosphataemia, hypoglycaemia, hypo- and hypervolaemia, hypo- and hypertension.
4.9 Overdose
Overdose should not occur if the fluid and electrolyte balances are monitored regularly as recommended in section 4.4. Overdose may lead to hypervolaemia and electrolyte disturbances. These symptoms can be corrected by adjusting the ultrafiltration rate and the volume of solution administered.
Electrolyte imbalances should be managed according to the specific electrolyte disturbance.
5. PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Haemofiltrates, ATC code: B05Z B
Accusol 35 is pharmacologically inactive. The solution consists of ions that are present at concentrations similar to physiological level in plasma.
As substitution solution, Accusol 35 provides a continuous source of electrolytes and water for hydration and acts as an alkalinising agent.
As dialysis solution, Accusol 35 removes metabolic waste products from the blood and helps to manage the serum electrolytes and/or fluid imbalances.
5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties
Not relevant as the active ingredients of Accusol 35 are pharmacologically inactive and near to physiological plasma concentrations.
5.3 Preclinical safety data
There are no preclinical data considered relevant to clinical safety beyond data included in other sections of the SPC.
6 PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS
6.1 List of excipients
Water for Injections,
Hydrochloric acid (pH adjuster),
Sodium hydroxide (pH adjuster),
Disodium phosphate dihydrate.
6.2 Incompatibilities
This medicinal product must not be mixed with other medicinal products except those mentioned in Section 6.6.
Shelf life
6.3.
Shelf life
12 months when stored in the overpouch.
Shelf life after mixing
Accusol 35, once removed from the overpouch and mixed should be used within 24 hours.
6.4 Special precautions for storage
Store between 4°C and 25°C.
6.5 Nature and contents of container
Accusol 35 is stored in a non PVC two-chamber bag made of a coextruded film of Polypropylene, Polyamide and a blend of Polypropylene, SEBS and Polyethylene (Clear-Flex). A long-seal (interchamber seal) separates the two chambers.
The large chamber ‘A’is fitted with a medication port and the small chamber ‘B’ is fitted with an access port for connection to a suitable administration set.
The two-chamber bag is presented in a protective transparent overpouch made of copolymers.
The volume of the container after mixing is 5000 ml (3750 ml in the large chamber and 1250 ml in the small chamber).
Accusol 35 is available as 2 x 5000 ml per box.
6.6 Special precautions for disposal
- Check the integrity of the product. If one of the seals is opened prematurely, do not use the bag. In case of damage, discard the container.
- Do not administer unless the solution is clear.
- Aseptic technique should be observed throughout the whole procedure.
- Concomitant drugs may be added through the medication port in the larger chamber. Drug compatibility must be checked before admixture. Add the medication and activate the long-seal (interchamber seal) immediately. The product must be used immediately after any drug addition.
- After removal of the overpouch, immediately open the long-seal (interchamber seal) to mix the two solutions. Ensure the long-seal (interchamber seal) is completely activated and the two solutions are completely mixed. Then open the short SafetyMoon seal (seal near access port) to allow administration of the mixed solution. Connect to the patient line and activate the access port. The solution must be used within 24 hours of mixing.
- Discard any unused remaining solution.
- For single use only.
- Use Accusol 35 only with adequate equipment able to monitor the therapy.
7. MARKETING AUTHORISATION HOLDER
Baxter Healthcare Ltd.,
Caxton Way,
Thetford,
Norfolk,
IP24 3SE United Kingdom
8. MARKETING AUTHORISATION NUMBER
PL 00116/0414
9 DATE OF FIRST AUTHORISATION/RENEWAL OF THE AUTHORISATION
28/03/2015