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Bleo-Kyowa

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TECHNICAL LEAFLET FOR THE PROFESSIONAL


Bleo-Kyowa®

(Bleomycin Sulphate)


1.    NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT

Bleo-Kyowa

2.    QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION

Bleomycin Sulphate equivalent to 15,000 IU (15x 103 IU)

3.    PHARMACEUTICAL FORM

Powder for solution for injection

White to light yellowish, freeze-dried substance


4. CLINICAL PARTICULARS
4.1    Therapeutic indications

a.    Squamous cell carcinoma affecting the mouth, nasopharynx and paranasal sinuses, larynx, oesophagus, external genitalia, cervix or skin. Well differentiated tumours usually respond better than anaplastic ones.

b.    Hodgkin's disease and other malignant lymphomas, including mycosis fungoides.

c.    Testicular teratoma.

d.    Malignant effusions of serous cavities.

e.    Secondary indications in which bleomycin has been shown to be of some value (alone or in combination with other drugs) include metastatic malignant melanoma, carcinoma of the thyroid, lung and bladder.

4.2    Posology and method of administration

Adults


Routes of administration

Bleomycin is usually administered intramuscularly but may be given intravenously (bolus or drip), intra-arterially, intrapleurally or intraperitoneally as a solution in physiological saline. Local injection directly into the tumour may occasionally be indicated.


Recommended dose and dosage schedules

Squamous cell carcinoma and testicular teratoma:

Used alone the normal dosage is 15x 103 IU (1 vial) three times a week or 30x 103 IU (2 vials) twice a week, either intramuscularly or intravenously. Treatment may continue on consecutive weeks, or more usually at intervals of 3-4 weeks, up to a total cumulative dose of 500 x 103 IU although young men with testicular tumours have frequently tolerated twice this amount. Continuous intravenous infusion at a rate of 15x 103 IU (1 vial) per 24 hours for up to 10 days, or 30x 103 IU (2 vials) per 24 hours for up to 5 days may produce a therapeutic effect more rapidly. The development of stomatitis is the most useful guide to the determination of individual tolerance of maximum therapeutic response. The dose may need to be adjusted when bleomycin is used in combination chemotherapy. Use in elderly or children - see below.

Malignant lymphomas:

Used alone the recommended dosage regimen is 15x 103 IU (1 vial) once or twice a week, intramuscularly, to a total dose of 225 x 103 IU (15 vials). Dosage should be reduced in the elderly. The dose may need to be adjusted when bleomycin is used in combination chemotherapy. Use in elderly or children - see below.

Malignant effusions:

After drainage of the affected serous cavity, 60x 103 IU (4 vials) bleomycin dissolved in 100 ml physiological saline is introduced via the drainage needle or cannula. After instillation, the drainage needle or cannula may be withdrawn. Administration may be repeated if necessary subject to a total cumulative dose of 500x 103 IU (about 33 vials). Use in the elderly or children - see below.

Combination therapy:

Bleomycin is commonly used in conjunction with radiotherapy, particularly in treatment of cancer of the head and neck region. Such a combination may enhance mucosal reactions if full doses of both forms of treatment are used and bleomycin dosage may require reduction, e.g. to 5x103 IU at the time of each radiotherapy fraction five days a week. Bleomycin is frequently used as one of the drugs in multiple chemotherapy regimes (e.g. squamous cell carcinoma, testicular teratoma, lymphoma). The mucosal toxicity of bleomycin should be borne in mind in the selection and dosage of drugs with similar toxic potential used in such combinations.

Elderly Patients:

The total dose of bleomycin used in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma, testicular teratoma or malignant effusions should be reduced as indicated below:


Age in Years

80 and over

70-79

60-69

Paediatric population


Total dose (IU) Dose per week (IU)


100x10s    15x10s

150 - 200x 103    30x 103

200 - 300 x 103    30 - 60 x 103


Administration of bleomycin to paediatrics should take place only under exceptional circumstances and in special centres. The dosage should be based on that recommended for adults and adjusted to body surface area or body weight.

Reduced kidney function

With serum creatinine values of 2-4 mg%, it is recommended to half the above dosages. With serum creatinine above 4 mg%, a further reduction in dose is indicated.

Preparation of solution

For intramuscular injections the required dose is dissolved in up to 5 ml of suitable solvents such as physiological saline. If pain occurs at the site of injection a 1% solution of lignocaine may be used as a solvent.

For intravenous injections the dose required is dissolved in 5-200ml of physiological saline and injected slowly or added to the reservoir of a running intravenous infusion. For intra-arterial administration a slow infusion in physiological saline is used. For intra-cavity injection 60x10® IU is dissolved in 100ml of normal saline.

For local injections bleomycin is dissolved in physiological saline to make a 1-3x103 IU/ml solution.


4.3 Contraindications

Bleomycin is contra-indicated in patients with acute pulmonary infection or chest X-ray findings suggesting diffuse fibrotic changes or greatly reduced lung function.

Patients with a past history of hypersensitivity or idiosyncratic reaction to an analogue of bleomycin.


4.4    Special warnings and precautions for use

Pulmonary toxicity of bleomycin is both dose-related and age-related. It may also occur when lower doses are administered, especially in elderly patients, patients with reduced kidney function, pre-existing lung disease, previous or concurrent radiotherapy to the chest and in patients who need administration of oxygen. It is significantly enhanced by thoracic radiation and by hyperoxia used during surgical anaesthesia.

The earliest symptom associated with pulmonary toxicity of bleomycin is dyspnoea. Fine rales are the earliest sign. If pulmonary changes are noted, treatment should be discontinued until it can be determined if they are drug related. Patients should be treated with broad spectrum antibiotics and corticosteroids.

Patients undergoing treatment with bleomycin should have chest X-rays weekly. These should continue to be taken for up to 4 weeks after completion of the course and patients should be kept under clinical review for approximately 2 months. If breathlessness or lung infiltrates appear, not obviously attributable to tumour or to co-existent lung disease, administration of the drug must be stopped immediately and patients should be treated with a corticosteroid and a broad spectrum antibiotic. High oxygen concentrations should be used with caution in these cases.

Lung function tests which use 100% oxygen should not be used in patients who have been treated with bleomycin. Lung function tests using less than 21% oxygen are recommended as an alternative.

When bleomycin has been administered pre-operatively, reduced oxygen concentrations should be used during operation and post operatively.

Patients should be carefully monitored under the following conditions and bleomycin dosage should be reduced or prolong the dose interval based on clinical observation of the patient: These clinical conditions include the following:

■    Patients treated previously or concurrently with radiation to the chest may develop more frequent or severe toxicity.

■    Use with caution in patients with significant renal impairment as clearance may be reduced and toxicity increased (see Section 4.2).

■    Use with caution in patients with severe heart disease or hepatic dysfunction as toxicity may be increased.

■    Use with caution in patients with varicella as fatal systematic dysfunctions may occur.

Because bleomycin treatment may give rise to shock, if any abnormalities appear, withdraw bleomycin immediately, and take appropriate measures. (Because shock is likely to develop in patients with malignant lymphomas at the 1st - 2nd administration, you may start this drug treatment with lower dose and after establishing that no acute reactions to the drug occur, increase the dose to the usual level).

With long-term administration of bleomycin, peplomycin or other analogies of bleomycin, toxicity is thought to be additive, thus administration must be performed with care. Attention should be paid to the appearance or exacerbation of infection and any bleeding tendency.

In adults or adolescents capable of reproduction, effects on the sexual glands should be considered.

Intravenous administration

Vascular pain may occur, therefore, it is important to pay due attention to concentration of the injection and administration rate. Give intravenously as slowly as possible.

Intramuscular administration

Avoid repeated injections at the same site and innervated sites, particularly if administering to paediatrics. If insertion of the injection needle evokes intense pain or if blood flows back into the syringe, withdraw the needle immediately and inject at a different site.

4.5    Interactions with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction

When bleomycin is used as one of the drugs in multiple chemotherapy regimes the toxicity of bleomycin should be borne in mind in the selection and dosage of drugs with similar toxic potential. The addition of other cytotoxic drugs can necessitate changes and dose alterations. Increased pulmonary toxicity has been noted when bleomycin is given with cisplatin.

Previous or concurrent radiotherapy to the chest and/or administration of anti-tumour agents (e.g. cisplatin) are important factors in increasing the incidence and severity of lung toxicity such as interstitial pneumonia or pulmonary fibrosis.

Previous or concurrent radiotherapy to the head or neck is a factor increasing stomatitis and angular stomatitis may deteriorate. It may cause inflammation of pharyngolaryngeal mucosa infrequently resulting in hoarseness.

Because of bleomycin's sensitisation of lung tissue, patients who have received bleomycin pre-operatively are at greater risk of developing pulmonary toxicity when oxygen is administered at surgery and a reduction in inspired oxygen concentration during operation and post-operatively is recommended (See Section 4.4).

In patients treated for testicular cancer with a combination of bleomycin and vinca alkaloids a syndrome has been reported corresponding to Raynaud’s disease, ischaemia which can lead to necrosis of peripheral parts of the body (fingers, toes, nose tip).

The following clinical incompatibilities have been noted:-Cytotoxics possibly reduce the absorption of phenytoin. Concomitant use of bleomycin with clozapine should be avoided due to an increased risk of agranulocytosis.

4.6    Fertility, pregnancy and lactation

Pregnancy

The administration of this drug to pregnant patients, or women suspected of being pregnant, is not recommended. The use of bleomycin should be avoided whenever possible during pregnancy, particularly during the first trimester.

Breastfeeding

Bleomycin should not be given to mothers who are breast feeding.

Fertility

Bleomycin can cause congenital malformations. Conception during and six months after treatment is not advisable. Women should not become pregnant during and six months after treatment.

4.7    Effects on ability to drive and use machines

This depends on the patient’s condition and should be considered in co-operation with the doctor.


® Registered Trade Mark


PACKAGE LEAFLET: INFORMATION FOR THE USER

BLEO-KYOWA® Powder for solution for injection 15,000 IU

Bleomycin sulphate

Read all of this leaflet carefully before you start using this medicine because it contains important information for you.

-    Keep this leaflet. You may need to read it again.

-    If you have any further questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

-    This medicine has been prescribed for you only. Do not pass it on to others. It may harm them, even if their symptoms are the same as yours.

-    If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or nurse. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. See section 4.

What is in this leaflet

1.    What Bleo-Kyowa is and what it is used for

2.    What you need to know before you use Bleo-Kyowa

3.    How to use Bleo-Kyowa

4.    Possible side effects

5.    How to store Bleo-Kyowa

6.    Contents of the pack and other information


1. WHAT BLEO-KYOWA IS AND WHAT IT IS USED FOR


Bleo-Kyowa is an anti-cancer drug (chemotherapy) used for treating certain types of cancer. Bleo-Kyowa is used to treat cancer known as squamous cell carcinoma which can affect the mouth, nose, throat, skin, cervix or external genitalia.

It is also used to treat Hodgkin's disease and other types of cancer of the blood, as well as to treat fluid producing cancers in the cavity around the lungs or in the abdomen, and to treat testicular teratoma.

Bleo-Kyowa is also of value in treating malignant melanoma (a type of skin cancer) and thyroid, lung and bladder cancer.


Other medicines and Bleo-Kyowa

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are using, have recently used or might use any other medicines, as some medicines could interact with Bleo-Kyowa.

When Bleo-Kyowa is used with vinca alkaloids (another type of cancer drug) to treat cancer of the testes, Raynaud’s disease (poor blood circulation which makes the toes and fingers numb and pale) has been reported.

Use of Bleo-Kyowa together with cisplatin or radiation to the chest can cause interstitial pneumonia (serious inflammation of the lungs) and pulmonary fibrosis (scarring of the lungs which leads to shortness of breath).

Use of Bleo-Kyowa with clozapine should be avoided, as it may cause more severe reduction in number of white blood cells which makes infections more likely (agranuclocytosis).

Use of cytotoxics (medicines that kill cancer cells) may lower the absorption of phenytoin.

Pregnancy, breast-feeding and fertility

If you are pregnant, breast-feeding, or think you may be pregnant do not take this medicine.

If you are planning to have a baby, ask your doctor for advice before using Bleo-Kyowa.

Driving and using machines

A few people have reported that they feel tired or weak after the treatment. Do not drive or use any tools or machines if you are affected.


3. HOW TO USE BLEO-KYOWA


2. WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW BEFORE YOU USE BLEO-KYOWA


Do not use Bleo-Kyowa:

•    if you are allergic (hypersensitive) to bleomycin or to any similar anti-cancer medicine

•    if you have a chest infection

•    if you have scarring of the lungs

•    if you have greatly reduced lung function If any of these apply to you, tell your doctor.

Warnings and precautions

Talk to your doctor before using Bleo-Kyowa if you have or have recently had any of the following:

•    kidney problems

•    lung problems or you have been receiving oxygen

•    severe heart disease

•    liver function that is impaired

•    chicken pox

•    radiation to the chest.

You must also tell your doctor if you have an operation planned, as it may be necessary to adjust your treatment with Bleo-Kyowa.


Bleo-Kyowa powder from one or more vials will be dissolved in saline (a weak salt solution that mixes well with body fluids). The solution is usually given by injection in to muscle tissue or a blood vessel or into the chest or abdominal cavity depending on the type of cancer. Occasionally, it is injected directly into a tumour.

The usual treatment is for 2 or 3 days in one week and may be repeated in subsequent weeks. Sometimes the treatment is given on consecutive days for up to 5 or 10 days.

The precise dosage, frequency of dosing and duration of treatment with Bleo-Kyowa will depend on your age, weight, medical condition and whether Bleo-Kyowa is being given in combination with other drug treatment.

If other medicines or radiotherapy are also being used in your treatment or if you have kidney disease or reduced kidney function, the amount of Bleo-Kyowa given to you may be reduced.

Use in children and adolescents

The dose is calculated in relation to child body weight and such treatment will probably take place under the supervision of a specialist treatment centre.

If during treatment you develop a dry cough, breathlessness, rapid breathing or anything else which suggests your lungs might be affected, you may require to be monitored by X-rays of your chest that could continue up to 4 weeks after the end of treatment.


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If you are given more Bleo-Kyowa than you should

If you have been accidentally given a higher dose you may experience symptoms such as fever, low blood pressure and rapid pulse. Your doctor may give you supportive treatment for any symptoms that may occur.


4. POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS


Like all medicines, Bleo-Kyowa can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them. These might occur at the time of treatment or might occur at some later time.

If you notice any of the following reactions tell your doctor immediately:

•    breathlessness

•    inflammation of the lungs (interstitial pneumonia) - fever, chills, shortness of breath or a cough

•    severe allergic reaction - you may experience a sudden itchy rash (hives), swelling of the hands, feet, ankles, face, lips, mouth or throat (which may cause difficulty in swallowing or breathing), and you may feel you are going to faint.

These are serious side effects. You may need urgent medical attention.


The following side effects have been reported since the marketing of Bleo-Kyowa but the frequency for them to occur is not known:

Overwhelming infection (sepsis), severe reduction in blood cells (pancytopenia), reduction in blood platelets (thrombocytopenia), reduction in red blood cells (anaemia), neutropenia (reduced white blood cells), chest pain, heart attack, reduced blood flow to the fingers, toes and tip of the nose (Raynaud’s syndrome or digital ischaemia), blood clots (embolism), blood clotting (thrombosis) and a type of stroke (cerebral infarction).

Reporting of side effects

If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. You can also report side effects directly via the Yellow Card Scheme, www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard. By reporting side effects you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine.


4.8 Undesirable effects

The most frequently observed adverse reactions in 1613 patients receiving bleomycin were pulmonary manifestations such as interstitial pneumonia or pulmonary fibrosis (10.2%), sclerosis of skin, pigmentation (40.6%), fever and rigors (39.8%), alopecia (29.5%), anorexia and weight decrease (28.7%), general malaise (16.0%), nausea and vomiting (14.6%), stomatitis (13.3%) and nail changes (11.2%).


5. HOW TO STORE BLEO-KYOWA


If you experience any of the following tell your doctor or nurse as soon as possible:

Very common: (these may affect more than 1 in 10 patients)

•    fever on the day of treatment

•    loss of appetite and weight loss

•    nausea and vomiting

•    lung problems

•    sore mouth and mouth ulcers

•    changes in skin colour, or itchy skin

•    hardening, thickening, redness, tenderness or swelling of the tips of the fingers

•    hair loss

•    ridging of nails, blisters on pressure points e.g. elbows

•    numbness, pain or colour changes to the fingers, toes and tip of the nose, and hardening and tightening of skin

Common: (these may affect between 1 in 10 and 1 in 100 patients)

•    headache

•    bleeding

•    skin rash, redness of the skin

•    soreness at the corners of the mouth

Uncommon: (these may affect between 1 in 100 and 1 in 1,000 patients)

•    dizziness

•    changes in urinating or pain when urinating

•    low white blood cell count

•    liver problems

•    blood vessel changes (narrowed or enlarged)

•    diarrhoea

•    pain, swelling, redness or tenderness at the site of the injection or at the site of the tumour


Keep out of the reach and sight of children.

Bleo-Kyowa should be kept in its original packaging and stored at 2-8°C.

This medicine will normally be stored by the doctor providing your treatment or by another qualified person such as a nurse or pharmacist.

Avoid contact of Bleo-Kyowa on the skin. Each vial of Bleo-Kyowa is labelled with a 'use-by' date and the medicine should not be used after this date.

After being treated with Bleo-Kyowa, any remaining bleomycin solution or equipment used for the treatment will be safely disposed of by your nurse or doctor. Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater or household waste. These measures will help to protect the environment.


System Organ Class

Very Common

>1/10

Common

>1/100 to < 1/10

Uncommon

>1/1,000 to <1/100

Neoplasms, Benign, Malignant and Unspecified (including Cysts and Polyps)

Pain at the site of tumour

Blood and lymphatic system disorders

Leukopenia

Metabolism and Nutrition disorders

Anorexia

Nervous system disorders

Headache

Dizziness

Vascular disorders

Haemorrhage

Shock; vein wall hypertrophy; venous stenosis

Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders

Interstitial

pneumonia;

pulmonary

fibrosis

disorders

Weight

decrease;

nausea;

vomiting;

stomatitis

Angular

stomatitis

Diarrhoea

Hepatobilliary

disorders

Hepatocellular

injury

Skin and

subcutaneous tissue

Alopecia; skin

hypertrophy;

pigmentation;

deformation

and

discolouration of the nail; scratch

Rash; urticaria; erythroderma

Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders

Scleroderma

Renal and Urinary disorders

Oliguria; dysuria; pollakiuria; urinary retention; polyuria; feeling of residual urine

General disorders and administration site conditions

Fever; rigors; malaise

Injection site induration


6. FURTHER INFORMATION


What Bleo-Kyowa contains

-    The active substance is bleomycin sulphate

-    There are no other ingredients

What Bleo-Kyowa looks like and contents of the pack

Bleo-Kyowa is a white to yellow-ish powder which is mixed with saline before injection. It is packaged in glass vials with a rubber stopper and aluminium seal.

Marketing Authorisation Holder    Manufacturer

Kyowa Kirin Limited    Aesica Queenborough    Limited

Galabank Business Park    North Road

Galashiels    Queenborough

TD1 1QH    Kent

ME11 5EL


Tel: 01896 664000

This medicinal product is authorised in the Member States of the EEA under the following names:


Bleo-Kyowa.


This leaflet was last revised in 05/2016


Like most cytotoxic agents bleomycin can give rise to both immediate and to delayed toxic effects. The most immediate effect is fever on the day of injection. Anorexia, tiredness or nausea also may occur. Pain at the injection site or in the region of the tumour has occasionally been reported, and other rare adverse effects are hypotension and local thrombophlebitis after intravenous administration. Fever may develop with a lag time of 4-5 hours or more after the administration of this drug. Because a dose-response relation exists between the fever and dose at a given time, if the fever is severe, appropriate measures should be taken such as administering a reduced dose at shorter intervals, or antihistaminic and antipyretic agents before and/or after administration of this drug. The majority of patients who receive a full course of bleomycin develop lesions of the skin or oral mucosa. Induration, hyperkeratosis, reddening, tenderness and swelling of the tips of the fingers, ridging of the nails, bulla formation over pressure points such as elbows, loss of hair and stomatitis are rarely serious and usually disappear soon after completion of the course.

The most serious delayed effect is interstitial pneumonia, which may develop during, or occasionally after, a course of treatment. This condition may sometimes develop into fatal pulmonary fibrosis, although such an occurrence is rare at recommended doses. Previous or concurrent radiotherapy to the chest is an important factor in increasing the incidence and severity of lung toxicity.

A few cases of acute fulminant reactions with hyperpyrexia and cardiorespiratory collapse have been observed after intravenous injections of doses higher than those recommended. Hypotension, hyperpyrexia and drug-related deaths have been reported rarely following intra-cavitary instillation of bleomycin.

During post-marketing surveillance the following events have been reported: sepsis, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia, anaemia, neutropenia, chest pain, myocardial infarction, Raynaud’s syndrome, embolism, thrombosis, digital ischaemia and cerebral infarction. Reporting of suspected adverse reactions Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme (www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard).


4.9 Overdose

The acute reaction to an overdosage of bleomycin would probably include hypotension, fever, rapid pulse and general symptoms of shock. Treatment is purely symptomatic. In the event of respiratory complications the patient should be treated with a corticosteroid and a broad-spectrum antibiotic. There is no specific antidote to bleomycin.


Under License from

Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd Tokyo, Japan.


5.    PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

5.1    Pharmacodynamic properties

ATC code: LO1D C01, other cytotoxic antibiotics Bleomycin is a basic, water-soluble glycopeptide with cytotoxic activity. The mechanism of action of bleomycin is believed to involve single-strand scission of DNA, leading to inhibition of cell division, of growth and of DNA synthesis in tumour cells.

Apart from its antibacterial and antitumour properties, bleomycin is relatively free from biological activity. When injected intravenously it may have a histamine-like effect on blood pressure and may cause a rise in body temperature.

5.2    Pharmacokinetic properties

Bleomycin is administered parenterally. After intravenous (IV) administration of a bolus dose of 15X103 IU/m2 body surface, peak concentrations of 1 to 10 IU are achieved in plasma. Following the intramuscular (IM) injection of 15X103 IU peak plasma concentrations of about 1 IU/ml have been reported. The peak plasma concentration is reached 30 minutes after an IM injection. Continuous infusion of bleomycin 30X103 IU daily, for 4 to 5 days, resulted in an average steady state plasma concentration of 100-300 milli IU/ml. After IV injections of bleomycin in a dose of 15X103 IU/m2 body surface, the area under the serum concentration curve is, on average, 300 milli IU x min x ml-1.

Bleomycin is only bound to plasma proteins to a slight extent. Bleomycin is rapidly distributed in body tissues, with the highest concentrations in skin, lungs, peritoneum and lymph. Low concentrations are seen in the bone marrow. Bleomycin could not be detected in cerebrospinal fluid after intravenous injection. Bleomycin appears to cross the placental barrier.

The mechanism for bio-transformation is not yet fully known. Inactivation takes place during enzymatic breakdown by bleomycin hydrolase, primarily in plasma, liver and other organs and, to a much lesser degree, in skin and lungs. When bleomycin was administered as an IV bolus injection in a dose of 15X103 IU/m2 body surface, initial and terminal half-lives were 0.5 and 4 hours respectively.

Given as a continuous intravenous infusion in a dose of 30X103 IU daily for 4 to 5 days bleomycin disappears from plasma with initial and terminal half-lives of about 1.3 hours and 9 hours, respectively. About two thirds of the administered drug is excreted unchanged in the urine, probably by glomerular filtration. Approximately 50% is recovered in the urine in the 24 hours following an IV or IM injection. The rate of excretion, therefore, is highly influenced by renal function; concentrations in plasma are greatly elevated if usual doses are given to patients with renal impairment with only up to 20% excreted in 24 hours. Observations indicate that it is difficult to eliminate bleomycin from the body by dialysis.

5.3    Preclinical safety data

Animal experiences have revealed that bleomycin, like most cytotoxics, may have teratogenic and carcinogenic potential. Bleomycin has been reported to cause fibrosarcoma and renal carcinoma in a laboratory animal (rat) administered subcutaneously. Bleomycin has been reported to cause foetal malformation in laboratory animals (mice and rats).

6.    PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS

6.1    List of excipients

None.

6.2    Incompatibilities

Bleomycin solution should not be mixed with solutions of essential amino acids, riboflavine, ascorbic acid, dexamethasone, aminophylline or frusemide.

6.3    Shelf life

3 years.

6.4    Special precautions for storage

Protect from light. Store at 2°C-8°C.

6.5    Nature and contents of container

5 ml colourless glass vials with rubber closure and aluminium cap containing freeze dried bleomycin sulphate equivalent to 15,000 IU. Ten vials per carton.

6.6    Special precautions for disposal and other handling

Bleomycin should be handled with care. Precautions should be taken to avoid bleomycin coming into contact with skin, mucous membranes or eyes, but in the event of contamination the affected part should be washed with water.

7.    MARKETING AUTHORISATION HOLDER Kyowa Kirin Limited

Galabank Business Park

Galashiels

TD1 1QH

8.    MARKETING AUTHORISATION NUMBER

PL 16508/0046

9.    DATE OF FIRST AUTHORISATION/RENEWAL OF THE AUTHORISATION

03/07/2006

10. DATE OF REVISION OF THE TEXT

May 2016


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