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2. J Collis Brownes Mixture

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

1 NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT

J Collis Browne's Mixture.

2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION

Each 5ml contains:

Morphine hydrochloride equivalent to 1.0mg anhydrous Morphine Peppermint Oil 1.5 microlitre

3 PHARMACEUTICAL FORM

Aqueous based mixture.

4    CLINICAL PARTICULARS

4.1    Therapeutic indications

For the alleviation of coughs and the symptoms of diarrhoea.

4.2    Posology and Method of Administration

Oral

Adults and Children over 12 years of age.

For coughs: One to two 5 ml medicinal teaspoonsful. May be repeated every four hours.

For diarrhoea: Two to three 5 ml medicinal teaspoonsful. May be repeated once or twice at four hourly intervals if required.

Elderly and debilitated patients; use with caution; a reduced dose can be recommended by a doctor.

Children under 12 years old: Not recommended

4.3 Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the active substances, to any of the excipients or to menthol.

Children under the age of 12 years.

Acute respiratory depression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute alcoholism, risk of paralytic ileus, acute ulcerative colitis, acute abdomen, delayed gastric emptying, raised intra-cranial pressure and head injury, and phaeochromocytoma. It should not be given during an attack of asthma or to patients with heart failure secondary to chronic lung disease.

Concurrent administration with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within 2 weeks of discontinuation of their use.

Acute hepatic disease

Obstructive bowel disorders

Pancreatitis

Coma

Convulsive disorders

Administration of some opioid analgesics to patients taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) has been associated with very severe and sometimes fatal reactions. If the use of J Collis Browne’s Mixture is considered essential, then great care should be taken in patients taking MAOIs or within 14 days of stopping MAOIs (see section 4.5).

4.4. Special Warnings and Precautions for Use

Use with care in hypotension, shock, myasthenia gravis, prostatic hypertrophy, diseases of the biliary tract, and cardiac arrhythmias. Caution is advised in patients with asthma or other respiratory disorders, hepatic and renal disease, and a history of drug abuse.

Cough suppressants may cause sputum retention and this may be harmful in patients with chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

A reduced dose is recommended in elderly or debilitated patients, in hepatic and renal impairment (but avoid if severe), in hypothyroidism, and in adrenocortical insufficiency.

J Collis Browne’s Mixture is not intended as a substitute for rehydration therapy in the treatment of diarrhoea; patients should take plenty of fluids.

Patients with rare hereditary problems of fructose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption or sucrase-isomaltase insufficiency should not take this medicine.

This medicinal product contains 2.3 vol% ethanol (alcohol) i.e. up to 351 mg per 15 ml dose, equivalent to 7ml beer or 3 ml wine per dose. Harmful for those suffering from alcoholism. To be taken into account in pregnant or breast-feeding women, children and high-risk groups such as patients with liver disease, or epilepsy.

Labels state: Do not exceed the stated dose.

If symptoms persist consult your doctor.

The elderly and debilitated patients. Ask your doctor for advice; a lower dose might be more suitable.

Do not give to children under 12 years old.

Keep out of the sight and reach of children.

Shake the bottle.

4.5 Interactions with other medicinal products and other forms of Interaction

The depressant effects of opioid analgesics are enhanced by other CNS depressants such as alcohol, anxiolytics, hypnotics, antidepressants including tricyclic antidepressants, anticoagulants such as warfarin, antiepileptics and antipsychotics.

The sedative effect of morphine are increased by baclofen. The hypotensive and sedative effects of opioid analgesics are enhanced when given with alcohol or antipsychotics , and sedative effects enhanced when given with tricyclic antidepressants, sedating antihistamines, anxiolytics or hypnotics.

Possible CNS excitation or depression (hypertension or hypotension) can occur when opioid analgesics are given with antidepressants such as MAOIs, including moclobemide, rasagiline and selegiline (avoid concomitant use and for 2 weeks after stopping MAOIs).

The CNS effects of opioid analgesics are possibly increased by barbiturates. The plasma concentration of opioid analgesics is increased (metabolism inhibited) by cimetidine

Morphine increases the bioavailability of gabapentin and may increase the plasma concentration of esmolol. Opioid analgesics may enhance the effects of general anaesthetics (intravenous and volatile gases), and enhance the effects of sodium oxybate (avoid concomitant use).

Opioid analgesics reduce the plasma concentration of ciprofloxacin and antagonise the effects of domperidone and metoclopramide.

The effect of morphine is reduced (metabolism increased) by rifampicin, and plasma concentration possibly reduced by ritonavir.

Peppermint oil can inhibit CYP3A4 and may affect the clearance of drugs whose metabolism is mediated by this enzyme, including warfarin.

4.6. Fertility, pregnancy and Lactation

This product should not be used in pregnancy or whilst breastfeeding unless recommended by a doctor.

4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines

This medicine may cause drowsiness. If affected, patients should not drive or operate machinery.

This medicine can impair cognitive function and can affect a patient’s ability to drive safely. This class of medicine is in the list of drugs included in regulations under 5a of the Road Traffic Act 1988. When prescribing this medicine, patients should be told:

•    The medicine is likely to affect your ability to drive

•    Do not drive until you know how the medicine affects you

•    It is an offence to drive while under the influence of this medicine

•    However, you would not be committing an offence (called “statutory defence”) if:

o The medicine has been prescribed to treat a medical or dental problem and

o You have taken it according to the instructions given by the prescriber and in the information provided with the medicine and o It was not affecting your ability to drive safely

4.8 Undesirable Effects

The following undesirable effects have been reported for use of morphine or opioid analgesics and may arise from use of J. Collis Browne’s Mixture. Allergic reactions and dyspepsia may also be attributable to peppermint oil. The frequency of adverse effects cannot be estimated from available data.

Psychiatric disorders: hallucinations, dysphoria, euphoria, mood changes, confusion, dependence, restlessness, agitation, delirium, disorientation, excitation

Nervous system disorders: dizziness, drowsiness, sleep disturbances, headache, vertigo, raised intracranial pressure, malaise, seizures, paraesthesia, opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH)

Eye disorders: miosis, visual disturbances, nystagmus

Cardiac disorders: palpitations, bradychardia, tachycardia

Vascular disorders: postural hypotension, hypotension, hypothermia, facial flushing, oedema, hypertension, syncope

Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: respiratory depression (with larger doses), bronchospasm, inhibition of cough reflex.

Gastrointestinal disorders: nausea, vomiting, constipation, abdominal pain, anorexia, exacerbation of pancreatitis, dry mouth, paralytic ileus, dyspepsia, taste disturbances

Hepatobiliary disorders: biliary spasm

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: rashes, urticaria, pruritis, sweating

Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: muscular rigidity (with higher doses), muscle fasciculation, myoclonus, weakness.

Renal and urinary disorders: difficulty with micturition, urinary retention, ureteric spasm

Reproductive system and breast disorders: decreased libido or potency, amenorrhoea.

Reporting of suspected adverse reactions

Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard

4.9 Overdose

Large doses of opioids can lead to muscle rigidity, pinpoint pupils, respiratory depression, hypotension, circulatory failure and coma. Rhabdomyolysis has also been reported.

Gastric lavage and symptomatic treatment as for morphine is recommended.

In acute opioid poisoning the stomach should be emptied by aspiration and lavage, intensive supportive therapy may be required to correct respiratory failure and shock. Activated charcoal may be given orally in conscious patients if a substantial overdose has been ingested within 1 hour provided that the airway can be protected.

Severe respiratory depression and coma produced by excessive doses of opioids can be counteracted by the administration of naloxone given intravenously at a dose of 0.4 to 2 mg, repeated at 2-3 minute intervals if necessary, up to 10 mg.

5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties

Morphine, among other actions, diminishes propulsive peristalsis in the intestinal tract. It is an effective agent for treating diarrhoea. Peppermint Oil is a carminative which relieves flatulence and intestinal griping.

5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties

No information available.

5.3 Preclinical safety data

None stated.

6 PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS

6.1    List of excipients

Ethanol (96%)

Benzoic Acid Capsicum Tincture Caramel (E150)

Levomenthol Citric Acid Hypromellose Sorbitol Solution Treacle Purified Water

6.2 Incompatibilities

None stated.

10 DATE OF REVISION OF THE TEXT

05/05/2016