Maalox Plus
SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS
1 NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT
Maalox Plus Tablets
2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION
Aluminium hydroxide gel (dried) 200mg
3 PHARMACEUTICAL FORM
Tablet
Bi-layered white and yellow tablets, 16mm in diameter, with ‘Maalox’ embossed on one side.
4 CLINICAL PARTICULARS
4.1 Therapeutic indications
The symptomatic relief of:
1. Dyspepsia
2. Heartburn
3. Flatulence
4.2 Posology and method of administration
Route of administration: Oral
Adults (including elderly persons): 1-2 tablets well chewed, four times a day, taken twenty minutes to one hour after meals and at bedtime, or as required.
Children:
Not recommended
4.3 Contraindications
Should not be used in patients who are severely debilitated or suffering from kidney failure.
Patients with rare hereditary problems of fructose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption or sucrase-isomaltase insufficiency should not take this medicine.
Hypersensitivity to the active ingredients or to any of the excipients.
4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use
Aluminium hydroxide may cause constipation and magnesium salts overdose may cause hypomotility of the bowel; large doses of this product may trigger or aggravate intestinal obstruction and ileus in patients at higher risk such as those with renal impairment, or the elderly.
Aluminium hydroxide is not well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and systemic effects are therefore rare in patients with normal renal function. However, excessive doses or long-term use, or even normal doses in patients with low-phosphorus diets, may lead to phosphate depletion (due to aluminium-phosphate binding) accompanied by increased bone resorption and hypercalciuria with the risk of osteomalacia. Medical advice is recommended in case of long-term use or in patients at risk of phosphate depletion.
In patients with renal impairment, plasma levels of both aluminium and magnesium increase. In these patients, a long-term exposure to high doses of aluminium and magnesium salts may lead to dementia, microcytic anaemia.
Aluminium hydroxide may be unsafe in patients with porphyria undergoing haemodialysis.
Patients with rare hereditary problems of fructose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption or sucrase-isomaltase insufficiency should not take this medicine.
4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
Maalox Plus should not be taken simultaneously with other medicines as they may interfere with their absorption if taken within 1 hour.
Aluminium-containing antacids may prevent the proper absorption of drugs such as tetracyclines, vitamins, ciprofloxacin, ketoconazole, hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, chlorpromazine, rifampicin, cefdinir, cefpodoxime, levothyroxine, rosuvastatin.
Levothyroxine may also bind to simeticone which may delay or reduce the absorption of levothyroxine.
Polystyrene sulphonate
Caution is advised when used concomitantly with polystyrene sulphonate due to the potential risk of reduced effectiveness of the resin in binding potassium of metabolic alkalosis in patients with renal failure (reported with aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide), and of intestinal obstruction (reported with aluminium hydroxide).
Aluminium hydroxide and citrates may result in increased aluminium levels, especially in patients with renal impairment.
4.6 Fertility, pregnancy and lactation
The safety of Maalox Plus Tablets in pregnancy has not been established.
Because of the limited maternal absorption, when used as recommended, minimal amounts, if any, of aluminium hydroxide and magnesium salt combinations are expected to be excreted into breast milk.
Simeticone is not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
No effects on the breastfed newborn/infant are anticipated since the systemic exposure of the breast-feeding woman to aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and simeticone is negligible.
4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
None stated.
4.8 Undesirable effects
The following CIOMS frequency rating is used, when applicable:
Very common (>1/10), common (>1/100 to <1/10), uncommon (>1/1,000 to <1/100), rare (>1/10,000to <1/1,000), very rare (<1/10,000), not known (cannot be estimated from available data).
Immune system disorders
Frequency not known: hypersensitivity reactions, such as pruritus, urticaria, angioedema and anaphylactic reactions.
Gastrointestinal disorders Gastrointestinal side effects are uncommon.
Uncommon: diarrhoea or constipation (see section 4.4)
Metabolism and nutrition disorders Frequency not known:
Hypermagnesemia
Hyperaluminemia
Hypophosphatemia, in prolonged use or at high doses or even normal doses of the product in patients with low-phosphorus diets, which may result in increased bone resorption, hypercalciuria, osteomalacia (see section 4.4).
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard
4.9 Overdose
Serious symptoms are unlikely following overdosage.
Reported symptoms of acute overdose with aluminium hydroxide and magnesium salts combination include diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vomiting.
Large doses of this product may trigger or aggravate intestinal obstruction and ileus in patients at risk (see section 4.4)
Aluminium and magnesium are eliminated through urinary route; treatment of acute overdose consists of administration of IV Calcium Gluconate, rehydration and forced diuresis. In case of renal function deficiency, haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is necessary.
5 PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Dried aluminium hydroxide gel - antacid Magnesium hydroxide - antacid Simeticone - Antifoaming agent/antiflatulent
The antacids are balanced such that gastrointestinal side effects (constipation and diarrhoea) are minimal.
5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties
None stated
5.3 Preclinical safety data
None stated
6 PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS
6.1 List of excipients
Swiss Cream flavour Lemon flavour Magnesium stearate Talc
Citric acid, anhydrous Glucose, anhydrous Saccharin sodium Sorbitol (E420)
Sorbitol liquid non-crystallising (E420) Iron oxide yellow (E172)
Pregelatinised starch (Maize starch)
Maize starch
Sucrose
Mannitol (E421)
6.2 Incompatibilities
None stated.
6.3 Shelf life
36months
36months
Strip packs Tubes
6.4 Special precautions for storage
Store below 25oC
6.5 Nature and contents of container Strip packs
Plastic/aluminium strip packs packed in cardboard boxes
Packs of 10,12,20,24,30,36,40,48,50,60,70,72,80,84,90,96,100 tablets are available
Tubes
Paper/foil roll tubes of 12 tablets sold individually or packed in cellophane pillow packs or cardboard cartons
Packs of 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 144 tablets are available
6.6 Special precautions for disposal
None stated
7 MARKETING AUTHORISATION HOLDER
Aventis Pharma Limited
One Onslow Street
Guildford
Surrey
GU1 4YS
UK
Or trading as:
Sanofi-aventis or Sanofi
One Onslow Street
Guildford
Surrey
GU1 4YS
UK
8 MARKETING AUTHORISATION NUMBER(S)
PL 04425/0177
9 DATE OF FIRST AUTHORISATION/RENEWAL OF THE AUTHORISATION
11 October 1989 / 28 March 1995
10 DATE OF REVISION OF THE TEXT
30/04/2014